Did you know every state in the U.S. has its official bird? These feathered friends represent the unique history, culture, and wildlife of each region—and sometimes, their selection comes with unexpected quirks or controversies. From backyard songbirds to rare species, each bird has a story that reflects the pride of its state. Whether you’re a birdwatcher or just curious about why certain birds cut, this list will give you a fun, detailed look at all 50 state birds.
Alabama: Northern Flicker (aka Yellowhammer)
Flickr: Arthur Steinberger
Alabama’s Northern Flicker, or Yellowhammer, became the state bird in 1927 thanks to its Civil War history. Alabama soldiers famously wore yellowhammer feathers in their caps, symbolizing bravery and unity. This woodpecker’s bright yellow plumage and sharp, repetitive call make it a standout in the forests of the South. While it’s not exclusive to Alabama, its ties to state pride are unmatched, making it a perfect choice for the Heart of Dixie.
Alaska: Willow Ptarmigan
iStock: AndreAnita
The Willow Ptarmigan, named Alaska’s state bird in 1955, is a true Arctic survivor. Its winter-white feathers and summer camouflage help it blend into the harsh Alaskan wilderness. With feather-covered feet that act like snowshoes, this bird is built for cold climates. Known for its clucking sounds and fluffy appearance, the ptarmigan mirrors the toughness and adaptability of Alaska’s people while adding a dash of charm to the frozen landscape.
Arizona: Cactus Wren
iStock: Oleksandr Baron
Arizona’s Cactus Wren thrives in the hot, arid deserts, flitting between prickly cacti and rocky outcrops. This bold little bird was named the state bird in 1931, symbolizing resilience and adaptability. Its raspy, buzzing call is a signature sound of the Southwest, and its habit of building nests in cacti offers natural protection against predators. Fun fact: The cactus wren doesn’t drink water directly, instead getting its hydration from the insects it eats. Now that’s desert survival!
Arkansas: Northern Mockingbird
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Arkansas chose the Northern Mockingbird as its state bird in 1929 for its impressive vocal talents. This bird can mimic other bird calls, animal sounds, and even mechanical noises like car alarms. Its cheerful song and feisty personality make it a backyard favorite across the state. Mockingbirds are also fiercely territorial, often chasing off predators twice their size. It’s no wonder Arkansas and four other states chose this bold and talented bird to represent them.
California: California Quail
iStock: MichaelStubblefield
The California Quail, with its charming topknot and sociable personality, was an easy pick as the Golden State’s bird in 1931. These ground-dwelling birds live in large groups called coveys and are known for their distinctive “chi-ca-go” call. Native to California, the quail symbolizes community and resourcefulness. Whether scratching for seeds or hiding in tall grasses, these birds thrive in diverse habitats, from coastal valleys to inland deserts. Plus, their unique plume makes them unmistakable ambassadors of the state.
Colorado: Lark Bunting
iStock: Nancy Strohm
The Lark Bunting became Colorado’s state bird in 1931 and is known for its dramatic black-and-white plumage during mating season. Found in the state’s grasslands, these songbirds put on impressive aerial displays to attract mates. Their melodic songs and striking appearance bring a sense of vibrancy to Colorado’s plains. Despite their small size, lark buntings embody the adventurous spirit of Colorado, thriving in open spaces and adapting to changing seasons with ease.
Connecticut: American Robin
iStock: Anna Richard
Chosen as Connecticut’s state bird in 1943, the American robin is a familiar sight across backyards and parks. Known as a harbinger of spring, its cheerful song and red breast make it one of the most beloved birds in North America. Robins are highly adaptable, nesting in urban areas and forests alike. Their presence in the Nutmeg State represents renewal and the simple joys of nature, making them a perfect symbol of Connecticut’s natural beauty.
Delaware: Delaware Blue Hen
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Unlike other states, Delaware went bold with its bird choice. The Delaware Blue Hen is a breed of chicken, famous for its fighting spirit during the Revolutionary War. Soldiers from Delaware often kept blue hens for entertainment and food, and their bravery became legendary. In 1939, the state made this feisty fowl its official bird. While you won’t hear it sing, the blue hen’s historical significance and unique status as a state bird make it truly one of a kind.
Florida: Northern Mockingbird
Florida joined the Mockingbird fan club in 1927, picking this melodious mimic for its widespread presence and musical prowess. Known for its ability to imitate dozens of bird calls, the mockingbird adds a lively soundtrack to Florida’s diverse landscapes. Despite calls to replace it with flashier birds like the flamingo, the mockingbird remains beloved for its tenacity, adaptability, and vibrant song. Plus, its fearless defense of its territory is a trait Floridians can appreciate.
Georgia: Brown Thrasher
iStock: SteveByland
Georgia’s Brown Thrasher, named the state bird in 1935, is a Southern charmer with a talent for mimicry. It can imitate over 1,000 different sounds, making it one of the most accomplished songbirds in the U.S. Thrashers are known for their sleek, reddish-brown feathers and piercing yellow eyes. They’re also fiercely protective of their nests, embodying Georgia’s hospitable yet bold spirit. Their songs and striking appearance make them a true gem of the South.
Hawaii: Nene (Hawaiian Goose)
Wikipedia
The Nene, Hawaii’s state bird since 1957, is as unique as the islands it calls home. This goose evolved from Canada geese that flew to Hawaii thousands of years ago, adapting to the volcanic terrain by developing partially webbed feet perfect for rocky landscapes. Once nearly extinct, the nene has made a remarkable comeback thanks to conservation efforts. Known for its soft, honking calls, this bird represents the resilience of Hawaii’s wildlife and its people.
Idaho: Mountain Bluebird
Wikipedia
Idaho selected the Mountain Bluebird as its state bird in 1931, and it’s easy to see why. This small bird’s bright sky-blue feathers are as stunning as the open skies of the Gem State. Found in meadows and foothills, mountain bluebirds are insect-eating specialists, often hovering mid-air before diving to catch their prey. Their gentle demeanor and vibrant appearance make them a favorite among birdwatchers, perfectly embodying Idaho’s natural beauty and tranquility.
Illinois: Northern Cardinal
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The Northern Cardinal, Illinois’ state bird since 1929, is one of the most recognizable birds in North America. Its vivid red feathers brighten even the dreariest winter days, making it a symbol of hope and joy. Cardinals are year-round residents in Illinois, known for their melodic whistles that sound like they’re singing “cheer, cheer.” As one of the most popular state birds, it represents seven states, but its striking appearance and cheerful song make it a standout in the Prairie State.
Indiana: Northern Cardinal
iStock: suefeldman
Indiana followed Illinois’ lead, naming the Northern Cardinal its state bird in 1933. With its bright crimson plumage and sweet, whistling calls, the cardinal is a frequent visitor to Indiana’s backyards. It’s particularly popular for its loyal mating habits, as pairs often stay together year-round. The bird’s vibrant color and uplifting presence bring warmth and energy to Indiana’s chilly winters, making it a beloved symbol of the state’s natural charm.
Iowa: Eastern Goldfinch
Wikimedia Commons: Mykola Swarnyk
Also known as the American Goldfinch, Iowa’s state bird since 1933 adds a splash of sunshine to the state’s prairies and fields. These tiny, vibrant yellow birds are easily spotted flitting through meadows, often feeding on sunflower seeds. Their cheerful, high-pitched calls and acrobatic flight patterns make them a joy to watch. Iowa chose the goldfinch for its year-round presence and its ability to brighten even the grayest Midwestern days.
Kansas: Western Meadowlark
Wikimedia Commons: Becky Matsubara
Kansas named the Western Meadowlark its state bird in 1937 after a vote by schoolchildren. Known for its flute-like song that echoes across the plains, this bird is a symbol of open spaces and rural life. Its bright yellow chest, adorned with a bold black “V,” makes it unmistakable. Meadowlarks thrive in Kansas’ grasslands, where their melodic calls often signal the arrival of spring. As one of six states to claim this bird, it’s a true icon of the American heartland.
Kentucky: Northern Cardinal
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Kentucky joined the Cardinal fan club in 1926, becoming the first state to officially adopt this vibrant bird. Its rich red feathers and clear, whistling song have made it a favorite among Kentuckians, symbolizing beauty and resilience. Cardinals are also a common sight in Kentucky’s forests and gardens, bringing a splash of color to the state’s winters. For many, the cardinal represents home and warmth, even on the coldest days.
Louisiana: Brown Pelican
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The Brown Pelican, Louisiana’s state bird since 1966, has long been a symbol of the state’s ties to its waterways. Known for its dramatic dives to catch fish, this bird is a master of precision hunting. Pelicans nearly disappeared from Louisiana due to pesticide use but have made a stunning comeback, mirroring the state’s resilience. Featured on Louisiana’s flag and seal, the pelican is a proud reminder of the state’s connection to its rich coastal ecosystems.
Maine: Black-Capped Chickadee
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Maine chose the Black-capped Chickadee as its state bird in 1927 for its friendly, curious nature. These small, fluffy birds are easily recognized by their black caps and cheerful “chick-a-dee-dee-dee” calls. Chickadees are year-round residents of Maine, braving the state’s harsh winters with remarkable resilience. They’re also known for their intelligence, capable of hiding seeds in hundreds of locations and remembering them all. This adorable bird is a true symbol of Maine’s hardy and resourceful spirit.
Maryland: Baltimore Oriole
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The Baltimore Oriole became Maryland’s state bird in 1947, named for its striking resemblance to the orange-and-black coat of arms of Lord Baltimore. These vibrant songbirds are known for their intricate, hanging nests and flute-like songs. Orioles thrive in Maryland’s woodlands and are a favorite among birdwatchers. Their bold colors also make them the perfect mascot for the state’s MLB team, connecting history, nature, and sports in one bright, chirping package.
Massachusetts: Black-Capped Chickadee
Pixabay: Avia5
Massachusetts shares its love for the Black-capped Chickadee with Maine, naming it the state bird in 1941. These tiny birds are beloved for their friendly demeanor and ability to thrive in snowy conditions. Chickadees are common in Massachusetts’ forests and backyards, often visiting bird feeders with their signature acrobatics. Their cheerful calls and fearless nature make them a source of joy during New England’s long winters, embodying the state’s resilience and charm.
Michigan: American Robin
Pixabay: kidmoses
Michigan named the American Robin its state bird in 1931 after a vote by schoolchildren. Known as the harbinger of spring, robins are a welcome sight as they hop through lawns in search of worms. Their bright red breasts and melodic songs bring warmth and optimism to Michigan’s chilly winters. As one of the most familiar birds in North America, the robin is a beloved symbol of renewal and the changing seasons in the Great Lakes State.
Minnesota: Common Loon
iStock: Matt_Sim
Minnesota’s lakes wouldn’t feel complete without the eerie, haunting call of the Common Loon. Named the state bird in 1961, the loon symbolizes the deep connection Minnesotans have with their natural waterways. Known for its striking black-and-white plumage and brilliant red eyes, this bird is also an expert diver, plunging up to 200 feet underwater in search of fish. The loon’s iconic call is a sound of summer in the North Star State, evoking the tranquility of its pristine wilderness.
Mississippi: Northern Mockingbird
Wikimedia Commons: Charles J. Sharp
The Northern Mockingbird, chosen as Mississippi’s state bird in 1944, is a true Southern star. Known for its ability to mimic other bird calls, animals, and even car alarms, this bird is the ultimate show-off. But don’t let its musical talents fool you—it’s fiercely territorial and will defend its nest from anything, no matter the size. For Mississippi, the mockingbird represents a combination of charm and tenacity, perfectly capturing the spirit of the Magnolia State.
Missouri: Eastern Bluebird
Wikimedia Commons: Sandysphotos2009
The Eastern Bluebird became Missouri’s state bird in 1927 after its cheerful personality and stunning plumage won over residents. Known for its bright blue feathers and orange chest, this bird brings a splash of color to Missouri’s open woodlands and meadows. Bluebirds are also a symbol of happiness and renewal, often associated with the arrival of spring. Their melodious songs and friendly demeanor make them a beloved sight across the Show-Me State.
Montana: Western Meadowlark
Wikimedia Commons: USFWS Mountain-Prairie
Montana’s state bird, the Western Meadowlark, was chosen in 1931 for its enchanting song that echoes across the state’s wide-open prairies. This ground-nesting bird is known for its yellow chest, adorned with a black “V” pattern. Meadowlarks thrive in Montana’s expansive grasslands, and their flute-like melodies are often the first sign of spring. Their association with rural life and natural beauty makes them a fitting symbol for Big Sky Country.
Nebraska: Western Meadowlark
iStock: SteveByland
Nebraska also claims the Western Meadowlark as its state bird, officially adopting it in 1929. Meadowlarks are a common sight in Nebraska’s prairies, where their melodic calls signal the changing seasons. Their bold, yellow coloring and distinctive markings make them stand out among grassland birds. Representing the beauty and simplicity of the Midwest, the meadowlark is a beloved symbol of Nebraska’s agricultural roots and natural landscapes.
Nevada: Mountain Bluebird
Wikimedia Commons: VJAnderson
Nevada selected the Mountain Bluebird as its state bird in 1967, celebrating its striking beauty and high-altitude lifestyle. These small birds are known for their brilliant blue feathers, which stand out against Nevada’s desert landscapes. Often seen flitting through sagebrush and mountain meadows, the mountain bluebird is a symbol of resilience and freedom. Its cheerful song adds a touch of charm to the rugged wilderness of the Silver State.
New Hampshire: Purple Finch
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The Purple finch became New Hampshire’s state bird in 1957, thanks to its vibrant coloring and sweet song. Despite its name, the bird isn’t truly purple—it’s more of a rosy red. Found in New Hampshire’s forests, the purple finch is a frequent visitor to bird feeders, where it delights residents with its cheerful presence. This hardy bird thrives in cold climates, making it a perfect fit for the Granite State.
New Jersey: Eastern Goldfinch
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New Jersey chose the eastern goldfinch as its state bird in 1935, and it’s easy to see why. These bright yellow birds are a burst of sunshine, often spotted flitting through fields and gardens. Known for their acrobatic flying and cheerful “per-chick-o-ree” calls, goldfinches are a symbol of happiness and vitality. Their love for sunflower seeds also makes them a gardener’s favorite, bringing color and life to New Jersey’s backyards.
New Mexico: Greater Roadrunner
The greater roadrunner, New Mexico’s state bird since 1949, is as quirky as the state itself. Known for its incredible speed—it can run up to 20 mph—this bird thrives in the desert landscapes of the Southwest. Famous for eating rattlesnakes and its iconic “meep-meep” calls, the roadrunner is a fearless predator and a beloved symbol of New Mexico’s rugged charm. Its energetic spirit perfectly matches the Land of Enchantment.
New York: Eastern Bluebird
Wikimedia Commons: Paul Danese
The eastern bluebird became New York’s state bird in 1970, chosen for its brilliant coloring and joyful song. Found in meadows, orchards, and open woodlands, bluebirds are a favorite among New Yorkers for their cheerful presence. They’re often seen perched on fence posts or darting through fields in search of insects. As a symbol of renewal and happiness, the eastern bluebird perfectly complements the Empire State’s rich natural landscapes.
North Carolina: Northern Cardinal
Wikimedia Commons: Wildreturn
North Carolina chose the northern cardinal as its state bird in 1943, joining several other states in celebrating this vibrant songbird. Known for its striking red feathers and clear, whistling calls, the cardinal is a year-round resident of the Tar Heel State. Its friendly presence in gardens and woodlands has made it a favorite among North Carolinians, symbolizing beauty and strength even in the heart of winter.
North Dakota: Western Meadowlark
Wikimedia Commons: Sturnella neglecta1
North Dakota named the Western Meadowlark its state bird in 1947, drawn to its melodic flute-like song. Found in the state’s prairies, this bird’s bold yellow chest and black “V” marking make it easy to spot. Meadowlarks thrive in the wide-open spaces of North Dakota, where their songs add a musical touch to the peaceful landscape. They’re a fitting symbol of the state’s natural beauty and agricultural heritage.
Ohio: Northern Cardinal
Wikimedia Commons: gary_leavens
Ohio adopted the northern cardinal as its state bird in 1933, celebrating its vibrant color and year-round presence. Cardinals are a familiar sight in Ohio’s woodlands and suburban backyards, where their cheerful whistles brighten even the coldest days. Their loyalty to their mates and striking appearance make them a symbol of warmth and resilience, perfectly embodying the Buckeye State’s welcoming spirit.
Oklahoma: Scissor-Tailed Flycatcher
Pixabay: marvinbla
The Scissor-tailed Flycatcher, named Oklahoma’s state bird in 1951, is a showstopper with its long, forked tail and acrobatic flight. Found in the state’s grasslands, this bird is known for its striking appearance and incredible insect-catching skills. Its dramatic mating displays, where it performs aerial stunts, make it a true spectacle. Representing Oklahoma’s wide-open skies and natural beauty, the scissor-tailed flycatcher is as unique as the state it calls home.
Oregon: Western Meadowlark
iStock: M. Leonard Photography
The western meadowlark became Oregon’s state bird in 1927, thanks to its melodic song and widespread presence in the state’s grasslands. Known for its bright yellow chest and bold black “V,” this bird is a symbol of Oregon’s open spaces and natural beauty. Meadowlarks are ground nesters and thrive in Oregon’s agricultural landscapes, making them a perfect fit for a state known for its connection to the land. Their flute-like calls add a musical touch to the wide, open skies of the Pacific Northwest.
Pennsylvania: Ruffed Grouse
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Pennsylvania chose the ruffed grouse as its state bird in 1931, honoring its role in the state’s rich hunting traditions. This plump, woodland bird is known for its unique courtship display, where males create a drumming sound by rapidly beating their wings. Found in Pennsylvania’s forests, the grouse is a master of camouflage, blending seamlessly with its surroundings. Its resilience and importance to local wildlife enthusiasts make it a beloved symbol of the Keystone State.
Rhode Island: Rhode Island Red
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Rhode Island’s state bird is a true local treasure: the Rhode Island red chicken. Officially adopted in 1954, this iconic breed is prized for its hardiness and egg-laying abilities. Developed in the state in the 1800s, the Rhode Island red became a symbol of agricultural excellence. Known for its deep red plumage and friendly demeanor, this bird represents the state’s farming heritage and its commitment to producing something extraordinary from humble beginnings.
South Carolina: Carolina Wren
Wikimedia Commons: Judy Gallagher
The Carolina wren, South Carolina’s state bird since 1948, is a small bird with a big personality. Known for its loud, cheerful song that often sounds like “tea-kettle, tea-kettle,” this bird is a constant presence in the state’s forests and gardens. Wrens are fiercely territorial and quick to build nests in unexpected places, from mailboxes to flower pots. Their resilience and resourcefulness embody the spirit of South Carolina, making them a perfect feathered ambassador.
South Dakota: Ring-Necked Pheasant
Shutterstock: Piotr Krzeslak
South Dakota selected the ring-necked pheasant as its state bird in 1943, celebrating its vibrant plumage and importance to local hunting culture. Originally introduced from Asia in the late 1800s, pheasants adapted quickly to South Dakota’s prairies and farmlands. Known for their stunning copper, green, and white feathers, these birds are a favorite among hunters and wildlife enthusiasts alike. They symbolize the state’s agricultural abundance and love of outdoor traditions.
Tennessee: Northern Mockingbird
Wikimedia Commons: Alan Vernon
Tennessee joined the mockingbird craze in 1933, choosing this musical mimic for its versatility and charm. Known for imitating everything from bird calls to mechanical noises, the mockingbird is a natural performer. Its feisty personality and territorial nature also make it a fighter, a trait Tennesseans admire. Whether perched on a fence post or defending its nest, the mockingbird adds a lively energy to Tennessee’s landscapes, making it a beloved symbol of the Volunteer State.
Texas: Northern Mockingbird
iStock: Ancha Chiangmai
Everything’s bigger in Texas—including the love for the northern mockingbird. Named the state bird in 1927, the mockingbird earned its place for its loyalty, courage, and musical talents. Known for defending its territory against much larger predators, this bird embodies the fearless, independent spirit of the Lone Star State. Its wide repertoire of songs and bold attitude make it a perfect fit for a state that prides itself on standing out.
Utah: California Gull
Wikipedia
The California gull became Utah’s state bird in 1955, but its story dates back to 1848. According to legend, a swarm of these gulls saved Utah’s early settlers by devouring a plague of crickets threatening their crops. Known as the “miracle of the gulls,” this event cemented the bird’s importance in Utah history. Today, these medium-sized, gray-and-white gulls are a familiar sight around the Great Salt Lake, representing resilience and gratitude in the Beehive State.
Vermont: Hermit Thrush
Pixabay – Sharkolot
Vermont named the hermit thrush its state bird in 1941, celebrating its ethereal song and connection to the state’s forests. Found in wooded areas, this shy bird is known for its flute-like melodies that seem to echo through the trees. Despite its elusive nature, the hermit thrush’s hauntingly beautiful song has made it a favorite among Vermonters. It symbolizes the tranquility and natural beauty of the Green Mountain State, making it a perfect choice.
Virginia: Northern Cardinal
Pixabay: JackBulmer
Virginia adopted the northern cardinal as its state bird in 1950, joining six other states in celebrating this vibrant songbird. Known for its stunning red plumage and cheerful whistles, the cardinal is a year-round resident in Virginia’s woodlands and gardens. Its friendly demeanor and striking appearance make it a favorite among bird enthusiasts. For Virginians, the cardinal represents warmth, resilience, and a touch of elegance in everyday life.
Washington: Willow Goldfinch
iStock: UrosPoteko
Washington selected the willow goldfinch, also known as the American goldfinch, as its state bird in 1951. These bright yellow songbirds bring a pop of sunshine to Washington’s fields and gardens. Known for their cheerful “po-ta-to-chip” calls and acrobatic flight, goldfinches are a favorite among residents. They feed primarily on seeds, making them a natural gardener’s ally. Their vibrant coloring and lively presence make them a perfect fit for the Evergreen State.
West Virginia: Northern Cardinal
iStock: David Arment
West Virginia named the northern cardinal its state bird in 1949, joining the ranks of cardinal-loving states. With its striking red feathers and clear, whistling song, the cardinal is a year-round resident of the Mountain State. Its resilience and beauty make it a symbol of West Virginia’s connection to nature. Whether perched in a snowy tree or darting through summer foliage, the cardinal adds a touch of brilliance to the state’s landscapes.
Wisconsin: American Robin
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The American robin became Wisconsin’s state bird in 1949 after a statewide vote. Known as a harbinger of spring, robins are a welcome sight in Wisconsin’s fields and gardens. Their bright red breasts and cheerful songs bring warmth and optimism to even the coldest winters. As one of the most familiar birds in North America, the robin perfectly represents Wisconsin’s hardworking, friendly spirit and its deep connection to nature.
Wyoming: Western Meadowlark
iStock: gjohnstonphoto
Wyoming selected the Western Meadowlark as its state bird in 1927, celebrating its beautiful song and ties to the state’s wide-open prairies. Meadowlarks are known for their bright yellow chests and bold black “V” markings, as well as their flute-like calls. They thrive in Wyoming’s grasslands, where their melodies add a musical touch to the rugged landscape. As a symbol of the state’s natural beauty and rural heritage, the meadowlark is a beloved icon of the Cowboy State.
From the fearless mockingbird to the graceful loon, each state bird carries a unique story that reflects the culture and landscape of its home. Whether they symbolize resilience, beauty, or local history, these feathered icons remind us of the diverse wildlife and natural wonders across the U.S. So next time you spot a cardinal, bluebird, or meadowlark, remember—you’re looking at more than just a bird. You’re seeing the pride of an entire state.
